COOH) represents the protonated form of the organic acid, whereas lactate (CH₃CH (OH)COO⁻) represents its conjugated base.

Since the discovery of the double-helical structure of DNA and postulation of the central dogma of molecular biology, stating that the flow of genetic information goes from DNA to RNA to protein, the ...

For all of the semiconductor industry’s legendary reputation for cleanliness, the actual processes that go into making chips use some of the nastiest stuff imaginable. Silicon oxide is comes from ...

This week’s molecules combine to make “magic”. The first, fluorosulfuric acid (HSO 3 F; also called fluorosulfonic acid) is an extremely strong Brønsted acid that has been known since the late 19th ...

After many centuries of being valued for its constancy, gold has recently attracted attention for its reactivity and catalytic power. Often, the first step in unlocking the chemistry of gold is ...

Organic acids, though, have carved out a curious exception. Chemicals such as glycolic acid, lactic acid, and salicylic acid ...

Salicylic acid has earned its reputation as one of dermatology’s most reliable acne-fighting ingredients not because of hype, but because of chemistry. This beta-hydroxy acid works differently from ...