Included among the many applications for pulse-width modulation (PWM) are voltage regulation, power-level control, and fan-speed control. A PWM circuit for such systems can be implemented with three ...

Pulse-width modulation is a simple way to modulate, or change, a square wave. In its basic form, the duty cycle of the square wave changes according to some input. The duty cycle is the ratio of high ...

When an application requires changes in motor speeds to meet its objectives, a variable frequency drive (VFD) is often the first thing that comes to mind. This is for good reason—VFDs are typically ...