Scientists have uncovered a surprising genetic shift that may explain how animals with backbones—from fish and frogs to ...

Learn how increased protein diversity in signaling genes may have helped drive the shift from invertebrates to vertebrates, ...

New research from the University of St Andrews has discovered a crucial piece in the puzzle of how all animals with a spine - ...

New research from the University of St Andrews has discovered a crucial piece in the puzzle of how all animals with a spine—including all mammals, fish, reptiles and amphibians—evolved. In a paper ...

From genetics alone, scientists can now predict how long any of myriad different creatures can live. The “lifespan clock” estimates vertebrate animals’ (those with a backbone) longevity — including ...

(CNN) — Hundreds of millions of years ago, jawless fishes swam Earth’s seas, their brains protected on the outside by armored skin, and on the inside by plates made of cartilage. Scientists are still ...